the external limiting tissue layer of an animal body especially when forming a tough but flexible cover relatively impermeable from without while intact; the skin.

a broad piece of armor, carried by soldiers, policemen, etc., to protect oneself from being hit with swords, lances, stones, etc.

ಚರ್ಮ ಸುಲಿ carma suli to beat, chastise, whip ruthlessly; ದಪ್ಪ ಚರ್ಮ dappa carma (fig.) insensitiveness to criticism or rebuffs; thick-skin; ಚರ್ಮ ತೊಳೆದರೆ ಕರ್ಮ ಹೋದೀತೆ? carma toḷedare karma hōdīte? (prov.) purity of the mind cannot be got by washing one's body; all the water in the sea cannot wash out one's sins.

last; ultimate; final.

lowest; least; most inferior.

belonging to, coming from the west; western.

that which is situated at the end.

the last point (either in space or time); the end.

the time or period following an event.

holding a shield (as a soldier, policeman, etc.).

a defensive shield.

a soldier holding a shield.

the tree Butea bojapatra of Papilionaceae family, the smooth bark of which can easily be peeled off in thin sheets; a birch tree.